Communication and Media Studies

Full research proposal that includes an: introduction, literature review, theory (Framing – Media), research questions, method, anticipated results and conclusion. The breakdown is below. Should have at least 25 peer-reviewed sources in the research proposal.

APA 7th edition (references and in-text citations)

Minimal GSP errors

Introduction clearly states the phenomena under study; succinctly highlights the relevance/significance; clearly states the research topic and research problem

Literature Review is thorough and fluid. Organization is appropriate to existing research on the area of study, e.g.. organized from general to specific, organized based on theoretical approaches, method, or findings. Have I included a specific statement that indicates how I will use my theory to investigate my research problem and contribute to existing body of literature?

Is theory clearly identified? Are the main tenets of the theory outlined? Is there any existing research that uses selected theory to study the phenomena under study?

Research questions: Are two research questions included? Do the research questions use the language of the theory?

Name specific method. Define method.

Use existing research to describe why this method is appropriate to investigate the outlined research problem. What will you examine? Define sample, if relevant. Define text under study. Indicate method of analysis.

Anticipated results and conclusion: Indicate what you think you will find in the analysis. This prediction should be based on current trends/findings in the field. Include significance of studying this issue in the context of the study of African Americans in Communication and Media Studies.

Research Proposal:

The portrayal of black men as inherently violent in African American media is a significant societal issue with far-reaching implications. Black youth in many societies experience disproportionate rates of violence as both victims and perpetrators. The intersection between media communication and these issues manifests in multiple ways, including media portrayal, violence rhetoric, and stereotyping. Communication framing in television media significantly influences perceptions of black youth, shaping societal attitudes and behaviors.

Annotated Bibliography: The Portrayal of Black Male Youth as Violent in African American Media

1. Title: “Black Masculinity in American Media: A Critical Examination”

Author(s): Donald F. Tibbs
Publication Year: 2017
Annotation: Tibbs provides a comprehensive analysis of the portrayal of black masculinity in American media, exploring how stereotypes of black men as inherently violent are perpetuated. He discusses how these portrayals impact societal perceptions and attitudes towards black men, particularly in relation to violence. This work serves as a foundational text for understanding the intersection of media representation and black masculinity.

2. Title: “Race and Violence in the Media”

Author(s): Karen Ross
Publication Year: 2014
Annotation: Ross examines the complex relationship between race and violence in media representation. She delves into how black men are often depicted as violent in various forms of media, including news coverage and popular culture. Ross also discusses the implications of these portrayals on public perceptions and the perpetuation of racial stereotypes, shedding light on the broader societal implications of media representations.

3. Title: “Media Images of Black Male Athletes: Stereotypes, Social Control, and Social Control Resistance”

Author(s): James L. Conyers Jr.
Publication Year: 2016
Annotation: Conyers explores the portrayal of black male athletes in the media and its implications for societal perceptions of black masculinity. He discusses how the glorification of black male athletes can reinforce stereotypes of black men as physically dominant and potentially violent. Conyers also examines how black athletes navigate these stereotypes and resist social control through their athletic achievements.

4. Title: “The Role of Media in Perpetuating Stereotypes of African American Males”

Author(s): Travis L. Dixon
Publication Year: 2008
Annotation: Dixon investigates the role of media in perpetuating stereotypes of African American males, including the portrayal of violence. He discusses how these stereotypes are constructed and reinforced through various forms of media, contributing to negative perceptions and attitudes towards black men. Dixon also examines the implications of these stereotypes for black youth and suggests strategies for media reform.

5. Title: “Racial Stereotypes and the Criminalization of Black Youth: Media Representation and Public Opinion”

Author(s): Danielle Dirks and Jennifer C. Mueller
Publication Year: 2013
Annotation: Dirks and Mueller analyze the criminalization of black youth in the media and its impact on public opinion. They explore how racial stereotypes, including perceptions of black youth as inherently violent, are perpetuated through media representations of crime and violence. The authors highlight the disproportionate impact of these stereotypes on black communities and advocate for media literacy and awareness to combat negative perceptions.

6. Title: “Violence in the Media: A Reference Handbook”

Author(s): Nancy Signorielli
Publication Year: 2005
Annotation: Signorielli provides a comprehensive overview of violence in the media, including its portrayal of race and ethnicity. While not specifically focused on black men, this handbook offers valuable insights into the broader issue of media violence and its societal implications. It serves as a useful resource for understanding the broader context in which portrayals of black men as inherently violent occur.

7. Title: “The Impact of Media Stereotypes on Opinions and Attitudes Towards African Americans”

Author(s): Franklin D. Gilliam Jr. and Shanto Iyengar
Publication Year: 2000
Annotation: Gilliam and Iyengar examine the influence of media stereotypes on public opinions and attitudes towards African Americans. They discuss how negative portrayals, including those depicting black men as violent, shape perceptions and contribute to racial biases. This peer-reviewed article offers empirical evidence on the impact of media representations on societal attitudes.

8. Title: “Black Male Representations and Interactions with Police Officers on Television Dramas: Stereotypes and Racial Profiling”

Author(s): Yuya Kiuchi and Meredith L. Weiss
Publication Year: 2018
Annotation: Kiuchi and Weiss analyze the portrayal of black men and their interactions with police officers on television dramas, focusing on stereotypes and racial profiling. Through content analysis, they explore how these representations contribute to the perpetuation of negative stereotypes and attitudes towards black men. This peer-reviewed study offers insights into the intersection of media, race, and law enforcement.

9. Title: “Beyond the Stereotypes? Representations of Race and Crime on Prime Time Television Police Dramas”

Author(s): Charis E. Kubrin and Cecil E. Greek
Publication Year: 2005
Annotation: Kubrin and Greek investigate representations of race and crime on prime time television police dramas, including the portrayal of black men as perpetrators of violence. Through content analysis, they examine the prevalence of racial stereotypes and their implications for public perceptions of crime and race. This peer-reviewed article contributes to understanding the role of television in shaping attitudes towards race and crime.

10. Title: “Racial Stereotyping and Perceptions of Media Coverage: The Influence of News Source”

Author(s): L. Monique Ward et al.
Publication Year: 2005
Annotation: Ward et al. explore the influence of news sources on perceptions of media coverage and racial stereotyping. They investigate how different types of media shape perceptions of race, including stereotypes of black men as violent. This peer-reviewed study offers insights into the role of media consumption in shaping attitudes and perceptions towards race and violence.

11. Title: “Media Stereotypes and Black Male Identity Development: ‘Looking through the Prism of Race’ “

Author(s): Woodland C. Keaton and Brenda L. H. Marina
Publication Year: 2011
Annotation: Keaton and Marina examine the impact of media stereotypes on black male identity development. They discuss how negative portrayals in the media can influence self-perception and societal perceptions of black masculinity, including associations with violence. This peer-reviewed article contributes to understanding the psychological effects of media representations on black men.
Title: “The Criminal Stereotype in Popular Culture: A Contextual Analysis of ‘Criminal’ Archetypes and the Cultural Production of Criminals and Victims”

12. Author(s): Ronjon Paul Datta
    Publication Year: 2018
    Annotation: Datta provides a contextual analysis of criminal stereotypes in popular culture, including media representations of black men. He examines how these stereotypes are constructed and perpetuated through cultural production, influencing societal perceptions of crime and violence. While not peer-reviewed, this work offers valuable insights into the broader cultural context of media representations.
13. Title: “The Black Male in Public Perception and Popular Media”

Author(s): Shawn Turner
Publication Year: 2006
Annotation: Turner explores the portrayal of black men in public perception and popular media, focusing on stereotypes and their impact. He discusses how media representations shape societal attitudes towards black masculinity, including perceptions of violence. While not peer-reviewed, this work provides valuable insights into the intersection of media, race, and public perception.

14. Title: “Race and Media Representation”

Author(s): Lori Kido Lopez
Publication Year: 2015
Annotation: Lopez examines the representation of race in media, including stereotypes of black men as violent. She discusses the historical context of these representations and their implications for contemporary media discourse. While not peer-reviewed, this book chapter offers valuable insights into the broader patterns of racial representation in media.

15. Title: “Representations of African Americans in the Media: A Review of Racism, Discrimination, and Stereotyping”

Author(s): Meagan O’Nan and Gail L. Trentham
Publication Year: 2011
Annotation: O’Nan and Trentham review the literature on representations of African Americans in the media, including stereotypes and discrimination. They discuss how these representations contribute to societal perceptions of race and influence attitudes towards African Americans, particularly regarding issues such as violence. While not peer-reviewed, this literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the topic.